30 Table 1: Summary and impact of national cancer acts in six selected countries United Kingdom United States Japan Kenya Philippines Chile Cancer Act (1939) National Cancer Act 1971 National Cancer Control Act 2007 Cancer Prevention and Control Act 2012 (Amended 2015) National Integrated Cancer Control Act 2018 National Cancer Law 2020 Key provisions contained in the acts Dedicated national cancer control body 1 None National Cancer Institute Cancer Control Promotion Council National Cancer Institute National Integrated Cancer Control Council (NICCC) National Cancer Commission National cancer plan/ programme National Health Service (NHS) LongTerm Plan; UK 10-Year Plan 2022 National Cancer Program: State Comprehensive Cancer Control Programmes The Basic Plan to Promote Cancer Control National Guidelines for Cancer Manage-ment NICCC mandated to formulate relevant plans or programmes to combat cancer National Cancer Plan Cancer prevention efforts Identies prevention as a key priority area Funds research on cancer prevention Promotes prevention efforts Establishes County Cancer Prevention Control Committees Mandates key preventive measures Links to National Cancer Plan Equitable access to care Establishes the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 1999 Mandates establish-ment of state cancer control programmes Promotes even distribution of cancer treatment and care Focuses on the most vulnerable populations. Ensures equitable access to full range of cancer prevention and control services. Prioritises equitable access to cancer care especially for the poor and marginalised No specic measures Funding for cancer research, treatment and innovation Establishes the Innovative Medicines Fund for the acquisition of new cancer drugs and treatments Prioritises cancer research through the National Cancer Program Promotes cancer research for the early approval of drugs and medical devices None Funds cancer treatment and research Establishes cancer fund for research 1 While the NHS is a national nancing scheme for health care services, it is not a coordinating body dedicated to cancer prevention and control activities. UROLOGY, URO-ONCOLOGY AND SEXOLOGY UPDATE
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