31 United Kingdom United States Japan Kenya Philippines Chile Cancer Act (1939) National Cancer Act 1971 National Cancer Control Act 2007 Cancer Prevention and Control Act 2012 (Amended 2015) National Integrated Cancer Control Act 2018 National Cancer Law 2020 Key provisions contained in the acts Patient protection and human rights Protects the public against fraudulent cancer treatments, cures or quackery. Human rights language is not included explicitly Health rights are not included in US Constitution and do not feature here Health is recognised as a human right in the Constitution Supports the right to health in the Constitutio n, together with a National Health Insurance program Protects the rights of cancer patients. The right to health is enshrined in the Constitution Incorporates the law that protects rights of patients receiving health care. The right to the protection of health was enshrined in Chile’s rst Constitution (1925) Social protection NHS provides general free access to health care and some at None None Patients protected against discriminat ory practises Social and nancial protection for cancer patients and families Dedicated Cancer Fund; however, this is not linked to individuals home support Minimum standards/ quality of care Regulated by the NHS LongTerm Plan to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and screening capacity, quality and personalised care. NICE also evaluates cost benet/val ue of expenditure National Cancer Centres deliver quality cancer treatments Early care, maintenan ce and palliative care are prioritised according to specic conditions of each patient Sets general standards and guidelines for delivering cancer care services for more than 20 types of cancer. Provides care standards across the cancer continuum and access to medicines Clinical guidelines reviewed every two years to accommodate new advances and technologies Palliative Care Regulated by the NHS LongTerm Plan and NICE (not within the National Cancer Act) Linked to National Cancer Centres that provide cancer care Focuses on palliative and end of life care, extending to at home training for caregivers Sets out National Palliative Care Guidelines Enables access to palliative care and medicines Linked to National Cancer Plan UROLOGY, URO-ONCOLOGY AND SEXOLOGY UPDATE
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